Table of Contents for Construction Codes and Inspection Handbook

General Information

(12)

Introduction

(1)

Responsibility

(1)

Authority

(1)

Quality Control

(1)

Plans and Specifications

(1)

Required Geographic Design Criteria

(1)

Shop Drawings

(1)

Inspection Report

(2)

Preconstruction Meeting

(1)

Equipment Proposal

(1)

Claims

(1)

Progress Schedules

(1)

Labor Enforcement

(1)

Storage of Materials

(1)

Subcontractors' Payment Estimates

(1)

Rights-of-Way

(1)

Photographs

(1)

Record Drawings

(1)

Project Turnover

(1)

Quality Control

(1)

Safety

(1)

Inspection Files

(1)

Recommended Equipment

(1)

References for the Inspector

(2)

Design Quality Control Checklists

(22)

During Design

(15)

IBC Code Requirements Affecting Plan Review

(6)

Sitework

(52)

Layout and Quantity Surveys

(1)

Layout Procedures

(1)

Quantity Surveys

(1)

Clearing and Grubbing

(2)

Preconstruction Actions

(2)

Clearing, Grubbing, and Disposal Work

(2)

Clearing

(1)

Disposal

(1)

Cleanup

(1)

Earthwork

(9)

General

(3)

Topsoil

(1)

Excavation

(1)

Earth Excavation for Buildings

(2)

Foundations

(1)

Caissons

(1)

Footer Design (Typical)

(1)

Embankments and Backfill

(2)

Final Grading and Subgrade Preparation

(1)

Drainage Fills for Slabs and Stone Protection

(1)

Underground Pipe Systems

(7)

General

(1)

Pipes and Fittings

(6)

Jointing of Pipes

(1)

General

(1)

Hot-Pour Joints

(1)

Poured Lead Joints

(1)

Flexible Joints

(1)

Tapered End Couplings

(1)

Cement Mortar Joints

(1)

Pipe Threads

(1)

Copper Tubing Joints

(1)

Welded Joints

(1)

Mechanical Joints in Manholes

(1)

Flanged Joints in Manholes

(1)

Corrugated Banding

(1)

Caps or Plugs

(1)

Manholes, Concrete Cradles, and Encasements

(1)

Excavation, Trenching, and Backfilling

(1)

Summary of Site Piping

(1)

Paving

(5)

General

(1)

Control Testing---General

(1)

Subcontractor Proposals

(1)

Preparation of Subgrade

(1)

Sub-base and Base Courses

(2)

Granular Bases

(1)

Reference for Additional Information

(1)

Bituminous Prime and Tack Coats

(5)

Planning

(1)

Application

(1)

Initial Checks

(1)

Transporting, Placing, and Finishing Equipment

(1)

Paving Operations

(1)

Production Control

(1)

Placement of Mix

(1)

Check Sampling and Testing

(1)

Special Applications of Asphalt

(8)

Concrete Pavement

(1)

Air-Entrained Concrete

(1)

Exposure Definitions (ACI 211.1)

(1)

Mixing Plant

(1)

Inspections during Paving

(3)

Joint Types (Typical)

(3)

Concrete Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters

(1)

General

(1)

ADA Requirements

(1)

Common ADA Errors and Omissions in New Construction and Alterations

(3)

Introduction

(1)

Parking

(1)

Accessible Route---Exterior

(1)

Curb Ramps

(1)

Ramps

(1)

Stairs

(1)

Doors

(1)

Stairs for Commercial Use

(1)

Ramps for Commercial Use

(1)

Patching Pavements

(2)

Materials

(1)

Storage

(1)

Mix

(1)

Equipment

(1)

Preparation for Placement

(1)

Placing

(1)

Safety

(1)

Concrete

(56)

Concrete for Structures

(2)

General

(1)

Types of Concrete

(1)

Concrete Strength Test

(1)

Air-Entrained Concrete

(2)

Air-Entraining Materials

(1)

Concrete Practices, Test Methods, and Reporting Standards

(3)

Strength

(1)

Tests for Air Content

(1)

Admixtures

(1)

Recommended Air Contents

(1)

Grouts

(1)

Job Site Concrete Mixing

(2)

Field Test for Moisture on Sand

(1)

Concrete Reinforcement

(1)

Steel Grading Authority

(1)

Soil Capacities

(1)

Footers (Code-Required Widths per Soil Conditions)

(1)

Testing Concrete at the Site

(2)

Concrete Slump Test

(2)

Footers/Foundations

(1)

Typical Footer Sizes

(1)

Minimum Width of Footings

(1)

Concrete Slabs

(1)

Questionable Soils

(1)

Monolithic Slab

(1)

Piers (CMU)

(1)

Records

100

(1)

Concrete Materials

100

(1)

Concrete Placement

101

(7)

Forming Concrete

101

(1)

Concrete Protection

102

(1)

Concrete Rates of Pours

102

(1)

Form Ties

102

(1)

Concrete Column Bracing

102

(1)

Miscellaneous Material

102

(1)

Stockpiles

103

(1)

Water

103

(1)

Admixtures

103

(1)

Preplacement Inspection

104

(2)

Other Concrete Wall Systems

106

(1)

ICF Wall Types

107

(1)

Slabs on Grade

107

(1)

Welded Wire Fabric

108

(1)

Weather Considerations

108

(3)

Cold Weather Concrete

108

(1)

Concrete Insulation

109

(1)

Hot Weather Concrete

109

(1)

Effects of High Concrete Temperatures

109

(1)

Cooling Concrete Materials

110

(1)

Special Precautions

110

(1)

Preplacement Inspection

111

(2)

Foundation Insulations

111

(1)

Unbalanced Backfill

112

(1)

Crawlspace Venting

113

(1)

Ventilation

113

(1)

ADA Requirements (Flatwork)

113

(1)

Shoring Elevated Slabs

114

(4)

Metal Tubular Frames

115

(1)

Tube and Coupler Shoring

116

(1)

Single-Post Shores

116

(1)

Adjustable Timber Single-Post Shores

117

(1)

Nailing

117

(1)

Final Checks

117

(1)

Metal Decks

118

(1)

Control and Construction Joints

119

(1)

Control Joints

119

(1)

Construction Joints

119

(1)

Typical Joint Types and Locations

120

(1)

Reinforcement

120

(2)

Minimum Bend Diameters for Reinforcement

121

(1)

Reinforcing Bars

121

(1)

Concrete Testing

122

(1)

Conveying and Placing

122

(3)

Removal of Forms

124

(1)

Finishing

125

(1)

Typical Tolerances

125

(1)

Footings

125

(1)

Walls

125

(1)

Columns

125

(1)

Beams and Girders

125

(1)

Elevated Slabs

125

(1)

Concrete Finishes

126

(1)

Unformed Surfaces

126

(1)

Smooth Finish for Formed Surfaces

126

(1)

Rubbed Finish

126

(1)

Monolithic Finish

126

(1)

Curing, Protection, and Finishing

127

(2)

Lightweight Concretes

129

(1)

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) of Concrete

129

(2)

Retaining Walls

131

(1)

Stucco

132

(1)

Twenty of the Most Common Concrete Problems

132

(1)

ASTM Concrete Standards

133

(4)

Concrete Inspection Forms and Worksheets

137

(6)

Concrete Pour Worksheet

138

(2)

Concrete Form Inspector's Report

140

(3)

Masonry

143

(30)

General

144

(1)

Samples

144

(1)

Sample Panels

144

(1)

Tests

144

(5)

Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs)

144

(1)

Concrete Block Grades

144

(1)

Brick Grades

144

(1)

Mortar

145

(1)

Materials

146

(1)

Brick

147

(2)

Erection and Placement

149

(2)

Protection

149

(1)

Backfill Adjacent to Masonry Walls

150

(1)

CMU Foundations

151

(1)

Parging Walls

152

(6)

Brick

156

(1)

Veneer Ties

156

(1)

Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs)

157

(1)

Grouting

158

(1)

Fireplaces

159

(3)

Fire Brick

159

(1)

Masonry Chimneys

159

(1)

Chimney Dampers

160

(1)

Roof Clearances

161

(1)

Reinforced Masonry

162

(1)

Pointing and Cleaning

163

(1)

Wall Ties/Reinforcement

163

(1)

Cold Weather Mortar

164

(1)

CMU Retaining Walls

164

(2)

Common Masonry Defects/Problems

166

(1)

Stucco

166

(1)

ASTM Concrete Standards

166

(4)

ASTM Masonry Standards

170

(3)

Carpentry

173

(74)

Delivery and Storage

174

(1)

Lumber Characteristics

174

(6)

Defects

174

(1)

Common Wood Engineering Terms

175

(1)

Grade Stamps

176

(4)

Crawlspace Framing

180

(1)

Pressure-Treated

180

(1)

Columns and Posts

180

(1)

Girders

181

(1)

Steel

181

(1)

Wood Girders: Exterior Walls

182

(1)

Interior Girders

183

(3)

Pipe Post Loads

186

(1)

Floors (Framing)

186

(3)

Joist

186

(1)

Engineered Joist

186

(3)

Joist Spans

189

(12)

Floor Joist Spans---30-psf Live Load

189

(5)

Joist Spans for Areas Requiring Maximum Deflection L/360

194

(4)

Ceiling Joist Spans

198

(3)

Engineered Lumber

201

(4)

Engineered Structural Wood

201

(4)

Sheathing

205

(1)

Plywood

205

(2)

Plywood Classifications

205

(1)

Plywood Exposure Ratings

206

(1)

Grade Designation, Description, and Uses of Typical Plywoods

206

(1)

Walls (Framing)

207

(3)

Studs

207

(1)

Wall Bracing

208

(2)

Firestopping

210

(1)

Firestop Materials

210

(1)

Headers

210

(2)

Header Spans (Exterior Walls)

210

(2)

Header Spans (Interior Walls)

212

(1)

Headers in Joists or Rafters

212

(1)

Fasteners

212

(2)

Staples

214

(1)

Top Plates

214

(1)

Particleboard Wall Sheathing

214

(1)

Staples for Wood Structural Panels

215

(1)

Rafters

215

(1)

Cutting and Notching (Joists and Rafters)

215

(1)

Rafter Spans

215

(13)

Glue-Laminated Beams

228

(1)

Roofs

229

(1)

Roof Framing

229

(1)

Purlins

230

(1)

Roof Curbs

230

(1)

Trusses

230

(9)

Roof Tiedowns (Hurricane Clips)

231

(2)

Wind Exposure Categories

233

(1)

Wind Forces

234

(1)

Roof Ventilation

235

(1)

Attic Access

235

(1)

Truss Installation

235

(2)

Truss Inspections

237

(1)

Truss Repairs

237

(1)

Truss Design Requirements

237

(2)

Roof Sheathing

239

(1)

Chimneys and Fireplace Framing

239

(1)

Interior Trim/Framing

240

(1)

Kitchen Cabinets

240

(1)

Ramps and Stairs

240

(2)

Ramps (Residential)

240

(1)

Ramps (Commercial)

241

(1)

Stairs (Residential)

241

(1)

Nosing

241

(1)

Spiral Stairs

241

(1)

Circular Stairs

241

(1)

Handrails

241

(1)

Stairs (Commercial)

241

(1)

Fireplace Trim

242

(1)

Wood Decks/Balconies

242

(5)

Deck/Balcony Joist Spans

243

(1)

Maximum Beam Spans for Decks

243

(1)

Post Loading for Decks

243

(2)

Fasteners for Decks

245

(1)

Deck Loading

246

(1)

Structural Steel

247

(18)

General

248

(1)

Preconstruction Inspection

248

(1)

Shop Drawings

248

(1)

Steel on the Job Site

249

(1)

Truss Rigging

250

(1)

Common Causes of Steel Failures

251

(1)

Contractor's Equipment

251

(1)

Foundations Alignment

251

(1)

Anchor Bolts

251

(4)

Steel Erection

251

(2)

Turn-of-Nut (Bolt) Tightening Method

253

(1)

Unfinished Bolted Connections

254

(1)

Steel Decking

255

(1)

Steel Tanks

255

(1)

Welding

255

(4)

General

255

(1)

Prior to Welding

256

(1)

Welding Sequence and Procedure Drawings

256

(1)

Inspection Procedure

256

(2)

Types of Welding Inspections

258

(1)

Protection

259

(1)

Steel Roof Decking

259

(3)

General

259

(1)

Submittals

259

(1)

Storage

260

(1)

Installation Procedures

260

(2)

Structural Steel Checklist

262

(3)

Doors and Windows

265

(14)

Metal Doors and Frames

266

(1)

Submittals

266

(1)

Manufacturing Instructions

266

(1)

Materials

266

(3)

General

266

(1)

Finish

266

(1)

Weather Stripping

267

(1)

Hardware

267

(1)

Screens

267

(1)

Glazing

267

(1)

Safety Glass

267

(2)

ADA Clearance Requirements

269

(1)

Front Approaches

269

(1)

Hinge Side Approach Doors

269

(1)

Latch Side Approach

269

(1)

Storage

269

(1)

Installation

270

(2)

Aluminum Combination Doors

270

(1)

Aluminum Hinged Doors

271

(1)

Aluminum Sliding Glass Doors

271

(1)

Steel-Hinged Doors

271

(1)

Steel Overhead Doors

271

(1)

Steel Rolling Doors

271

(1)

Steel Sliding Doors

271

(1)

Accordion Doors

271

(1)

Fire-Rated Doors

271

(1)

Cold Storage Doors

272

(1)

Electric Operators

272

(1)

Wood Doors and Frames

272

(1)

Submittals

272

(1)

Materials

272

(1)

Defects and Warp

273

(1)

Storage

273

(1)

Installation

273

(1)

Metal and Wood Windows

273

(2)

Submittals

273

(1)

Materials

274

(1)

Environmental Control Windows

274

(1)

Installation

274

(1)

Hardware

275

(1)

Materials

275

(1)

Application

275

(1)

Glazing

276

(3)

Submittals

276

(1)

Materials

276

(1)

Installation

276

(3)

Finishes

279

(30)

Metal Framing and Furring and Lath and Plaster (Stucco)

280

(2)

General

280

(1)

Framing and Furring

280

(1)

Lathing

280

(1)

Plastering

280

(1)

Stucco

280

(1)

Veneer Plaster

280

(1)

Submittals

280

(1)

Materials

280

(1)

Storage

281

(1)

Preparation

282

(1)

Lathing

282

(1)

Plastering and Stucco

282

(1)

Openings

282

(1)

Testing

282

(1)

Installation and Application

282

(1)

Ceiling Framing and Furring

282

(1)

Wall Framing and Furring

283

(1)

Lathing

283

(1)

Openings

283

(1)

Accessories

283

(1)

Gypsum Base Coats

284

(1)

Gypsum Finish Coat

284

(1)

Portland Cement Plaster

284

(1)

Stucco

284

(1)

Veneer Plaster

284

(1)

Gypsum Wallboard (GWB)

285

(1)

General

285

(1)

Materials

285

(1)

Drywall Screws

285

(1)

Fire-Rated Construction

286

(1)

Waterproofing

286

(1)

Installation: Ceiling Framing and Furring

287

(1)

Wood

287

(1)

Steel Framing

287

(1)

Suspended Ceilings

287

(1)

Steel Furring

287

(1)

Installation: Wall Framing and Furring

287

(1)

Steel Framing

287

(1)

Steel Furring

287

(1)

Frame Openings

287

(1)

Application

288

(4)

Joint Treatment

288

(1)

Control Joints

288

(1)

Schedule of Inspections

288

(1)

Delivery and Storage

288

(1)

Framing Inspection

288

(1)

Suspended Grillage

289

(1)

Inspecting Drywall and Veneer Plaster Installations

289

(1)

Fasteners

290

(1)

Adhesives

290

(1)

Joint Treatment---Drywall

290

(1)

Levels of Gypsum Board Finishing

290

(1)

Inspecting Joint Treatment and Finish---Veneer Plaster

291

(1)

Inspecting Conventional Plaster Installations

291

(1)

Grounds for Plastering

292

(1)

Job Conditions for Plastering

292

(1)

Plaster Application

292

(1)

Cleanup

292

(1)

Terrazzo; Ceramic and Quarry Tile

292

(2)

General

292

(1)

Materials

293

(1)

Preparation

294

(1)

Installation

294

(1)

Ceramic Tile

294

(1)

Quarry Tile

295

(1)

Acceptance Testing

295

(1)

Resilient Flooring

295

(1)

General

295

(1)

Materials

295

(1)

Preparation

295

(1)

Installation

296

(1)

Cleaning and Protection

296

(1)

Acoustical Treatment

296

(1)

General

296

(1)

Materials

296

(1)

Preparation

297

(1)

Instruction

297

(1)

Painting

297

(4)

General

297

(1)

Submittals

297

(1)

Materials

297

(1)

Surface Preparation

298

(1)

Moisture Test for Concrete Slabs

299

(1)

Application

299

(1)

Inspection of Dry Paint Coatings

300

(1)

Wall Covering

301

(1)

Toilet Partitions and Accessories

302

(1)

Submittals

302

(1)

Materials

302

(1)

Installation and Application

302

(1)

Raised Floors

303

(3)

Submittals

303

(1)

Materials

304

(1)

ADA Requirements

304

(1)

Installation

304

(1)

Floor Panels

305

(1)

Finish Flooring

305

(1)

Testing

306

(1)

Protection

306

(1)

Spare Parts

306

(1)

Window Treatment

306

(1)

General

306

(1)

Materials

306

(1)

Installation

306

(1)

Cabinets and Casework

306

(3)

General

306

(1)

Materials

306

(1)

Installation

307

(2)

Thermal and Moisture Protection

309

(24)

Dampproofing and Waterproofing

310

(1)

Submittals

310

(1)

Surface Preparations

310

(1)

Dampproofing

310

(1)

Waterproofing

310

(1)

Waterproofing Systems

311

(1)

Foundation Dampproofing

311

(1)

Foundation Waterproofing

311

(1)

Exterior Flashing/House Wraps

311

(1)

Fireproofing (Cementitious)

312

(1)

Building Insulation

312

(1)

Submittals

312

(1)

Common Thermal Terms

312

(1)

Design Temperature

313

(1)

Materials

313

(1)

Installation

313

(1)

Configurated Roofing and Siding

313

(1)

Shop Drawings and Samples

313

(1)

Storage and Protection

314

(1)

Installation

314

(1)

Application

314

(1)

Insulation for Built-up Roofing

314

(1)

Noncombustible Roof Materials

315

(1)

Fire-Retardant Roofing

315

(1)

Nonrated Roofing

315

(1)

Special Requirements over Steel Decks

315

(1)

Preparation of the Roof Deck

315

(1)

Application of Vapor Barrier

316

(1)

Wood Nailers and Vents

316

(1)

Application of Insulation

316

(1)

Built-up Roofing

317

(3)

Membrane Roofing

320

(1)

Flashings

321

(1)

Roof Walkways and Ladders

322

(1)

Single-Ply Roofing

322

(1)

Fluid-Applied Roofing

323

(1)

Strip Shingle Roofing

323

(1)

Ventilation

324

(1)

Valley Flashings

325

(1)

Fasteners

325

(1)

Tile Roofing

326

(1)

Wood Shingles

326

(1)

Underlayment for Low Slope Roof

326

(1)

Flashing and Sheet Metal

326

(2)

Preparation for Inspection of Sheet Metal Work

326

(1)

Installation

326

(1)

Metal Base Flashing

327

(1)

Cap Flashings

327

(1)

Through-Wall Flashing

327

(1)

Valley Flashing

327

(1)

Stepped Base Flashing

327

(1)

Edge Strip

327

(1)

Louvers

327

(1)

Reglets

328

(1)

Gutters

328

(1)

Downspouts

328

(1)

Parapet Covers

328

(1)

Miscellaneous

328

(1)

Caulking and Sealants

328

(2)

Submittals

328

(1)

Material

328

(2)

Insulations

330

(3)

Mineral Wool

330

(1)

Wood Products

331

(1)

Insulating Foams

331

(2)

Piping Systems

333

(50)

General

334

(1)

Materials

334

(1)

Water Pipe and Fittings

334

(1)

Fuel Gas Pipe and Fittings

334

(1)

Drainage Pipe and Fittings

335

(1)

Heating Pipe and Fittings

335

(1)

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Pipe and Fittings

335

(1)

Fire Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings

336

(1)

Installation of Piping Systems

336

(1)

General

336

(1)

Pipe Connections

337

(1)

Screwed

337

(1)

Mechanical

337

(1)

Hub and Hubless Types

337

(1)

Soldered

338

(1)

Solvent Cement (Adhesive)

338

(1)

Welded

338

(1)

Fittings and Valves

338

(1)

Pipelines

339

(4)

Water Pipelines

339

(1)

Fuel Gas Pipelines

340

(3)

Appliance Installations

343

(1)

Types of Protection(s)

343

(1)

Venting Gas Appliances

344

(1)

Masonry Chimneys

344

(1)

Chimney Dampers

345

(3)

Clothes Dryer Exhaust (Gas)

348

(1)

Drainage Lines

348

(1)

Heating Pipelines

348

(1)

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Pipelines

348

(1)

Fire Sprinkler Pipelines

348

(1)

Testing

348

(2)

Preparation

348

(1)

Performing Tests

349

(1)

Cleaning, Adjusting, and Operation

350

(1)

Plumbing Systems

350

(2)

General

350

(1)

Fixtures and Materials

350

(1)

Coordination of Work

350

(1)

Installation

351

(1)

ADA Requirements

352

(1)

Pipelines, Drains, Vent Stacks, and Insulation

352

(1)

Cleaning, Adjusting, and Operating

352

(1)

Residential Plumbing Requirements

353

(3)

Fuel Piping

353

(1)

Liquid Petroleum Tanks

354

(1)

Oil Lines/Tanks

355

(1)

Types of Fuel Oils

355

(1)

Drilling and Notching of Structural Members for All Lines

356

(1)

Studs

356

(1)

Joists

356

(1)

Water Lines

357

(3)

Copper Pipes

358

(1)

Plastic Water Lines

358

(1)

Determining Required Water Supply and Pipe Sizes

358

(2)

Water Pipe Corrosion

360

(1)

Other Causes of Pipe Corrosion

360

(1)

Plumbing Fixtures

360

(1)

Showers

360

(1)

Sanitary Drainage

361

(4)

Determining Drainage Capacity

361

(1)

Cleanouts

362

(1)

Fittings

362

(1)

Drains

362

(1)

Roof Vents

362

(1)

Traps

363

(1)

Septic Tanks

363

(1)

Water Heaters

364

(1)

Boiler/Water Heaters

364

(1)

Domestic Water Wells

365

(1)

Disinfecting of Wells

365

(1)

Fire Protection Systems

365

(3)

General

365

(1)

Sprinkler Systems

366

(1)

Water Supply

366

(1)

Aboveground Piping

367

(1)

Sprinkler Heads

367

(1)

Drains

367

(1)

Wet Pipe Systems

367

(1)

Dry Pipe Systems

367

(1)

Sterilization

367

(1)

Alarm Facilities

367

(1)

Testing

367

(1)

Fire Protection Checklist

368

(1)

Underground Pipe Systems

368

(1)

General

368

(1)

Plans, Specifications, and Layout

368

(1)

Accessibility of Valves, Hydrants, and Manholes

368

(1)

Lines and Grades

368

(1)

Connections to Existing Utilities

368

(1)

Interference

368

(1)

Damages

369

(1)

Testing

369

(1)

Pipes and Fittings

369

(6)

Material Compliance

369

(1)

Handling and Storage

369

(1)

Field Coating

369

(1)

Laying Pipes---General

369

(1)

Water Lines

369

(2)

Thrust Block Area of Bearing

371

(1)

Fuel Gas Lines

371

(1)

Sanitary Sewers

372

(1)

Storm Sewers

372

(1)

Heat Distribution Lines

372

(1)

Fuel Lines

372

(1)

Jointing of Pipes

373

(1)

Manholes and Concrete Encasements

374

(1)

Excavation and Backfilling

374

(1)

Summary

375

(1)

Corrosions

375

(8)

Mechanics

383

(56)

General

384

(1)

Shop Drawings

384

(1)

Ductwork

384

(3)

Fabrication

384

(1)

Ductwork Code Requirements

384

(1)

Erection

384

(2)

Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles

386

(1)

Installation

386

(1)

Duct Insulation

386

(1)

Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles

386

(1)

Balancing and Testing

387

(1)

Mechanical Insulation

387

(2)

General

387

(1)

Identification of Material

387

(1)

Shop Drawings

387

(1)

Ductwork Insulation

387

(1)

Pipe Insulation

387

(1)

Ducts Generally Not Requiring Insulation

388

(1)

Insulation for Rectangular and Round Ducts

388

(1)

Insulation for Hot Equipment

388

(1)

Insulation for Cold Equipment

388

(1)

Aboveground Pipe Insulation

388

(1)

Piping Exposed to Weather

389

(1)

Underground Pipe Insulation

389

(1)

Cellular Glass Insulation

389

(1)

Heating Systems

389

(2)

General

389

(1)

Materials and Equipment

389

(1)

Boilers, Furnaces, and Accessory Equipment

390

(1)

Fuel-Burning Equipment

390

(1)

Appliance Types

390

(1)

Types of Protection(s)

391

(1)

Venting Gas Appliances

391

(21)

Masonry Chimneys

391

(1)

Chimney Dampers

392

(3)

Vent and Connector Tables

395

(16)

Direct Venting

411

(1)

Clearances from Combustionable Materials for Connectors

411

(1)

Draft Fans

412

(1)

Oil Storage Tank

412

(1)

Circulating, Condensate, and Vacuum Return Pumps

412

(1)

Miscellaneous Fittings and Equipment

412

(1)

Inspection

412

(1)

Piping

412

(1)

Pipe Insulation

413

(1)

Hot Water Systems

413

(1)

High-Temperature Hot Water

413

(1)

Mechanical Vaults

413

(1)

Steam Systems

414

(1)

Hot Air Heating

414

(1)

Heating and Ventilating Units

414

(1)

Unit Heaters

414

(1)

Controls

414

(1)

Boilers and Boiler Plants

414

(1)

General Requirements

414

(1)

Settings

414

(1)

Fuel-Burning Equipment

415

(1)

Draft Fans and Ductwork

415

(1)

Blow Down System

415

(1)

Combustion Controls

415

(1)

Flame Types (Fuel Gas)

416

(1)

Yellow-Tipped Flame

416

(1)

Lazy-Soft Flame

416

(1)

Floating Flame

416

(1)

Uniform Lifting Flame

416

(1)

Orange-Colored Flame

416

(1)

Sharply Defined Flame

417

(1)

Appliance Types

417

(1)

Appliance Installation Codes: Requirements

417

(1)

Heating and Cooling Equipment

417

(1)

Economizers and Air Heaters

417

(1)

Fly Ash Collectors

417

(1)

Boiler Specialties

417

(1)

Soot Blowers

418

(1)

Boiler Feedwater

418

(1)

Turbines

419

(1)

Smoke Connections

419

(1)

Fuel Storage and Conveying

419

(1)

Painting

419

(1)

Testing

420

(1)

Operating Instructions and Guaranties

420

(1)

Ventilating, Air Supply, and Distribution System

420

(1)

General

420

(1)

Equipment

420

(1)

Clothes Dryers

420

(1)

Fans and Air Handling Units

421

(2)

Power Roof Ventilators

421

(1)

Gravity Ventilators

421

(1)

Dampers

421

(1)

Filters

421

(1)

Screens

421

(1)

Return Air

421

(1)

Supply Air Venting

422

(1)

Combustible Air

422

(1)

Air from Inside Building

422

(1)

Air from Outdoors

422

(1)

Combustion and Vent Air

422

(1)

Vents

423

(1)

General

423

(1)

Types of Vents

423

(1)

Ductwork and Mechanical Insulation

423

(1)

Balancing and Testing

423

(1)

Air Movement from Type A Outlets (Ceiling)

424

(1)

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

424

(1)

General

424

(1)

Piping

425

(1)

Drilling and Notching of Structural Members

425

(2)

Studs

425

(1)

Joist Specs (Notching or Drilling)

426

(1)

Notch and Hole Spacing and Sizes Allowed for Joists

426

(1)

Insulation

427

(1)

Equipment

427

(5)

General

427

(1)

Condensers

427

(1)

Reciprocating Compressors

428

(1)

Centrifugal Compressors

428

(1)

Receivers

428

(1)

Water Chillers

428

(1)

Evaporative Coolers

428

(1)

Unit Coolers

428

(1)

Refrigeration Specialties

428

(1)

Package-Type Air Conditioners

429

(1)

Heat Pumps

429

(1)

Washers

429

(1)

Humidifiers and Dehumidifiers

429

(1)

Absorption Refrigeration Machine

430

(1)

Cooling Towers and Ponds

430

(1)

Pumps

430

(1)

Insulation

430

(1)

Controls

430

(1)

Testing

431

(1)

Painting

431

(1)

Operating Instructions and Guaranties

431

(1)

Carbon Monoxide

432

(1)

Energy Conservation

432

(3)

Insulation

432

(1)

Appliances

433

(1)

Exterior Wall R-Values

433

(2)

Foundation Insulation

435

(1)

HVAC/Energy Definitions

436

(3)

Electrical

439

(40)

Interior Electrical

440

(5)

General Requirements

440

(1)

Drawings and Specifications

441

(1)

Temporary Electric

441

(2)

Wiring Methods (NEC 300)

443

(2)

Cable Systems

445

(3)

Busway Systems (NEC 364; Project Specifications)

446

(1)

Busways

447

(1)

Underfloor Raceways

447

(1)

Continuous Rigid Cable Supports or Cable Trays

447

(1)

Wireways

447

(1)

Underfloor Duct Systems (NEC 354, 356)

447

(1)

Movable Partition

447

(1)

Conductors (NEC 310)

448

(1)

Outlets

448

(4)

General Receptacles

448

(1)

Color Coding

449

(3)

Device Plates

452

(1)

Receptacles

452

(1)

Boxes

452

(1)

Wall Switches

453

(1)

Outlets

453

(1)

Service Equipment

454

(2)

Panelboards

454

(1)

Cabinets

454

(1)

Fuses

454

(1)

Underground Service Conduits

455

(1)

Lamps and Lighting Fixtures

455

(1)

Equipment Connections

456

(1)

Transformer Stations

456

(1)

Dry-Type Transformers

456

(1)

Transformer Taps

456

(1)

Liquid-Filled Transformers

456

(1)

Nameplate Data

456

(1)

Accessories

456

(1)

Bushings

456

(1)

Insulating Liquid

456

(1)

Grounding

457

(1)

Ventilation

457

(1)

Switchgear

457

(1)

Engine Generator Sets

457

(1)

Elevator Installations

457

(1)

Specialty Systems

458

(1)

Tests

458

(2)

All Testing

458

(1)

Precautions

458

(1)

Electrical Tests

458

(1)

Records of Tests

458

(1)

Description of Tests

458

(1)

Megger Tests

459

(1)

Method of Testing

459

(1)

Exterior Electrical

460

(1)

General

460

(1)

Aerial Distribution

460

(1)

Wood Poles

460

(1)

Crossarms

461

(1)

Hardware

461

(1)

Insulators

461

(1)

Conductors (Aerial)

461

(1)

Giving

461

(1)

Residential Services

461

(1)

Service Clearances

461

(1)

Check during Installation

462

(1)

Primary and Secondary Fuse Cutouts

463

(1)

Lightning Arrestors

463

(1)

Poletop Switches

463

(1)

Grounding

463

(1)

Street Lighting

463

(1)

Underground Risers

464

(1)

Underground Distribution

464

(3)

Duct System

464

(1)

Manholes and Underground Vaults

464

(1)

Primary Cables

464

(1)

Direct Burial Cable

465

(1)

Cathodic Protection

466

(1)

Electrical Heating

467

(1)

General

467

(1)

Electric Water Heaters

467

(1)

Electric Heaters

468

(1)

Coordination with Mechanical Work for Electric Water Heaters

468

(1)

Alarm and Detection Systems

468

(2)

General

468

(1)

Fire Detecting Devices

469

(1)

Smoke Detectors, Ionization Types

469

(1)

Smoke Detectors, Photoelectric Type

469

(1)

Heat Detectors

469

(1)

Fire Alarm Stations

469

(1)

Signaling Devices

469

(1)

Control Units

469

(1)

Power Supply

469

(1)

Testing

470

(1)

Lightning Protection

470

(3)

General

470

(1)

Limitations in Use of Lightning Protection

471

(1)

Air Terminals

471

(1)

Roof Conductors

471

(1)

Fences

471

(1)

Copper

472

(1)

Aluminum

472

(1)

Down Conductors

472

(1)

Metal Roofs

473

(1)

Aluminum Conductors

473

(4)

General

473

(1)

Materials

473

(1)

Bolts, Nuts, and Washers

473

(1)

Installation

474

(1)

Removing Insulation

474

(1)

Surface Preparation

474

(1)

Connections

474

(1)

Environmental Conditions

474

(1)

Inspection and Analysis

475

(1)

Working Clearances

475

(1)

Terminals

475

(1)

Grounded Conductors

475

(1)

Grounding of Service

476

(1)

Subpanels and Fuse Boxes

476

(1)

Residential Requirements by Rooms

477

(1)

Kitchens

477

(1)

Laundry Area

477

(1)

Attics

477

(1)

Basements

477

(1)

Lighting

477

(1)

Minimum Service Load Calculation Procedures for Residential Use

477

(1)

Ohm's Law

477

(2)

Osha

479

(28)

General

480

(1)

Prime Contractor/Subcontractor Relationship

480

(1)

Fire Protection and Prevention

480

(1)

Housekeeping

480

(1)

Illumination

480

(1)

First Aid

480

(1)

Sanitation

481

(1)

Toilets

481

(1)

Noise Exposure

481

(1)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

481

(1)

Head Protection

481

(1)

Eye and Face Protection

481

(1)

Fall Protection

482

(1)

Control Lines

482

(1)

Holes in Decks

482

(1)

Safety Belts, Lanyards, and Lifelines

482

(1)

Safety Net

482

(1)

Fire Protection

482

(1)

Material Storage

483

(1)

Rigging

483

(1)

Wire Ropes

483

(1)

Tools

483

(1)

Power Tools

483

(1)

Gas Welding and Cutting

484

(1)

Electrical

484

(1)

Generators

484

(1)

Scaffolds

484

(1)

Excavations

485

(2)

Definitions

485

(1)

Types of Soils

485

(1)

Manual Tests

485

(1)

Visual Analysis

485

(1)

Sloping and Benching

486

(1)

Stairways and Ladders

487

(1)

Stair Rails and Handrails

487

(1)

Ladders

487

(1)

Lead in Construction

487

(1)

Standards

488

(1)

Compliance Plan

488

(1)

Lead Paint

488

(1)

Protective Measures

488

(1)

Record Keeping

489

(1)

OSHA Reporting

489

(1)

OSHA Civil Penalties Policy

489

(2)

Adjustment Factors

490

(1)

Serious Violations

490

(1)

Other-Than-Serious Violations

490

(1)

Regulatory Violations

490

(1)

Willful Violations

491

(1)

Repeat Violations

491

(1)

Failure to Abate

491

(1)

OSHA Checklist

491

(16)

Review for Items That Apply

491

(1)

Self-Inspection Checklists

491

(16)

Appendices

507

(48)

Appendix A. Referenced Trade Associations

508

(8)

Appendix B. Typical Blueprint Symbols

516

(6)

Electrical Abbreviations

516

(1)

Exterior Electrical

517

(1)

Communication

517

(1)

Fire Alarm

518

(1)

Power

518

(1)

Lighting

519

(1)

Conduits and Wire

520

(1)

Plumbing

521

(1)

Appendix C. Common Blueprint Abbreviations

522

(2)

Appendix D. Common Lumber Abbreviations

524

(2)

Appendix E. Useful Equations

526

(10)

Weights and Measures (U.S. System)

526

(1)

How to Interpolate

526

(1)

Converting Decimals to Fractions

527

(1)

Weights of Building Materials

528

(1)

Generalized Geologic Radon Potential of the United States by the U.S. Geological Survey

529

(4)

Maximum Floor Allowances

533

(3)

Appendix F. Climate Zones by States and Counties

536

(19)

Glossary

555

(78)

Index

633